Assignment : African literature

Assignment on Women’s character in ‘The  swamp dwellers'

Name : Urvashi N. Chauhan
Semester : 4
Enrolment no : 2069108420190008
Batch : 2018- 2020
Paper : African literature
Email Id : urvashichauhan157@gmail.com
Submitted to : Department of English MKBU



Introduction :

     Akinwande oluwole Babutunde Soyinka known as a wole Soyinka. He is Nigerian playwright, poet and essayist. He was awarded the 1986 Nobel prize in literature. He is a Frist African to be honoured in the category.  Soyinka was born into a Yoruba family in Abeokuta. In 1954, he attended Government College in Ibadan. and subsequently University College Ibadan and the University of Leeds in England. After study in Nigeria and the UK.he worked with the Royal Court Theatre in London. He went on to write plays that were produced in both countries, in theatres and on radio. He took an active role in Nigeria's political history and its struggle for independence from Great Britain. In Nigeria Wole  Soyinka was a Professor of Comparative Literature  at the Obafemi Awolowo University.


      The Swamp dwellers is a one act play written by famous Nigerian playwright. This play published in 1958.  In this play Wole Soyinka show the problems of youth people in his time. He tried to bring this issue in his play. In the swamp dwellers he represents the conflict between city life and village life. We clearly see the generation gap in The swamp dwellers. That point reflected through the father & son relationship. Makuri and his son Awuchike how both think differently. This plays main conflict between the old and new way of life in Nigerian society.  Soyinka explore controversial themes of power , social injustice and balance of functional society. This play is also about the modern and traditional way of African culture.

Female characters

    There are Two female characters in this play. We focused on that two characters. The one is Alu the mother of Igwazu and Awuchike and wife of Makuri. The other character is Desala she is a wife of Igwazu.

Alu

   Alu was present on the stage most of time. Her age near to the sixty years old. She presented the traditional mind-set in the play. She choose to live with Makuri only. She always with Makuri with good and bad behaviour of him. Alu have a two child Awuchike and Igwazu. She lives to stay in village. Alu and Desala both are totally opposite characters from each other in the play. Wole  Soyinka has portrayed two opposite point of view of women in one play. Both the characters are different from each other but in some points both are same. Alu found her happiness  in her husband’s happiness.

“Makuri : There wasn’t woman anywhere more faithful than you.
 Alu : I never had a moment of worry in the whole of my life.”

    Alu missed her son Awuchike but Igwazu and her husband do not allow to meet him. When Alu remember Awuchike that time Igwezu behave very angry way with his mother and say that

     Igwezu: “Awuchike is dead to you and to this house. Let us not raise his ghost in this house.”

     So through this line we can say that how brother hate his own brother and other side the mother still has love for his son who left entire family for the sake of money. At last we can say that character of Alu is much different from Desala's  characters of the play who represent the traditional life of Africa.

Desala

   Desala is a wife of Igwazu. She is not present in the stage physically. But she presents in whole play in the talks of Igwazu, Alu and Makuri. She is very facilitated towards the city. She had demanded on her wedding that Igwazu has to take her to city after marriage.
 
“Alu:- … she (Desala) made him (Igwezu) promise to take her there (the city) before she would wed him.”

     Desala's husband ( Igwazu) failed to make a future in city. And Igwazu's brother well settled in city. So Desala choose Awuchike and left Igwazu in her life. Desala love wealth and Alu love her family more. We connect that Desala’s character with Bathsheba.

       Thomas Hardy portrayed a woman character like a Desala in his novel 'The far from the Meddling crowd'. Hardy shows the modern women’s desire of wealth and money. And how she choose her life partner based on the city and village. Bathsheba like  to live modern lifestyle.

     Desala and Bathsheba's choice is same. The common things between them is both like city culture. They like to live in modernity. In the swamp dwellers Igwazu lived in village he tried to develop himself in city but he failed to do that. And Gabriel oak well settled in village. That is similar in both character. In the Far from the Meddling crowd hardy shows the rejection of Gabriel oak from the Bathsheba. The reason is only he lived a simple life in village. Not give much improvement to wealth like swamp dwellers.

    The difference between Gabriel and Igwazu is Gabriel oak is a successful man in village. And Igwazu is failure in village as well as city. Gabriel is wealthy and successful man even Bathsheba rejected him. We see how modernity attract woman. At the end of the novel Bathsheba marries with Gabriel. In the swamp dwellers Igwazu and Desala's divorce reason she demanded to live in city.    In this play characters past is not clear like The Birthday Party.

    Soyinka portrayed two different woman character in one play just like Virginia Woolf. The same opposite woman portrayed in 'To the lighthouse'. In this novel Mrs. Ramsay shown a traditional women's characteristics. And lily Briscoe represent the modernity. Virginia Woolf shown  her desire through the lily's character. She is a independent woman in the novel. Alu and Mrs Ramsay fulfilled every needs of their son as well as their husband. Their family members not give that type of respect what she deserves. We see the suppression of the female in male dominated world. Ramsay is a perfect Victorian traditional woman. And Alu is perfect African traditional woman.

'Woman can’t write, woman can’t paint'

      That sentence prove wrong by lily’s character. She give Frist priority of her dream and Ramsay give Frist priority of her family.

Traditional & modernity

     Whole play present that two way of life. The generation gap feel that difference and conflict between them. Modernity choose city life. And traditional way thinks choose village life. Mostly they are dependent on other people. Both are opposite pillar. Modern woman like to fulfil their dreams rather than helping things. And traditional women’s like to live for family. Ramsay and Alu pampered a male ego. Both are very faithful for their husband and duty.  Desala takes her dream Frist. She have self happiness is more important rather than anything else. Alu is virtues woman she don’t wish to want city. Both have different definitions about happiness. That show the generation gap and difference between traditional and modern woman.

      The similarity us that Alu and Desala have not their own identity. Both are dependent on man figure. Alu & Desala pride if their man. The thing is they do not understand each other. Both female character not have values of each other.


City & village

   Soyinka write on city life and village life. One female character like to live in city. Other like to village. He put a binary of city and village. Desala believed that city give a good life and opportunities. And  Alu believe like city life is a bad. Because she lost her son in city and he never come. So might be that reason behind a unlike city. Desala think that nothing can be grow in only village. That point also we connect with present time situation. Mostly younger people like to live in the city. If we see the public in village so we can find mostly old people are living in village. So it’s very connected to the today’s society. City give a path to develop yourself. Alu's character give negative connotation to the city. Alu believe that when once goes city never come back.

Conclusion

     The main conflict between the old and new way of life in the  Nigerian society and present society. Wole Soyinka has captured conflict between wealth and family and city and village. He put binaries of life. Maybe he like new generation he try to accepting the new way.
     

Work cited

Hardy, Thomas. "Far from the Madding Crowd." 1874. 3 March 2020 <https://www.globalgreyebooks.com/far-from-the-madding-crowd-ebook.html>.

Imami, Fatiq Uddin. 19 september 2019. 3 march 2020 <https://www.gradesaver.com/the-swamp-dwellers/study-guide/character-list>.

Assignment : New literature

Theme of suicide in The Sense Of An Ending and its context with another literary characters

Name : Urvashi N. Chauhan
Semester : 4
Enrolment no : 2069108420190008
Batch : 2018-2020
Paper : New literature
Mail id : urvashichauhan157@gmail.com
Submitted to : Department of English MKBU


About Author :-

       Julian Patrick Barnes (born 19 January 1946) is an English writer. He has written Crime fiction pseudonym Dan kavanagh. He writes Novel, short stories, essay and memories. Barnes won the Man Booker Prize for his book The Sense of an Ending (2011), and three of his earlier books had been shortlisted for the Booker Prize: Flaubert’s Parrot (1984), England, England (1998), and Arthur & George (2005). He has also written crime fiction under the pseudonym Dan Kavanagh In addition to novels, Barnes has published collections of essays and short stories. His latest book name is 'The Man in The Red Coat'.


About Book :-

     The sense of an Ending novel published in 4th August 2011. The novel written in 1960 Suburban London, England. The sense of an Ending genre is literary fiction, memory novel and psychological thriller. The tone of the novel is enigmatic, mysterious and Ambiguous. This novel written in past and present tense. Sense of an Ending is about a person’s memory of youth days. Julian Barnes borrow the title from Frank Kermode’s book of the same name. The sense of an Ending divided into two parts. Novel narrated by Tony Webster. He was a retired man. Tony remember his schools days with his friends Colin, Alex and Adrian.


Theme :
- Eros & Thanatos
- Existentialism
- History, narrative, truth
- Memory
- Suicide
- Class
- Responsibility & guilt
- Philosophy Vs Reality
          The second part is in present which begins with arrival of lawyer with the letter for Tony that Veronica’s mother had gave him £ 500 which she calls as blood money. This incident inspire him to re-establish relationship with Veronica and meet her. There also some talk about Adrian Finn and his suicide, his dairy  and at the end of the novel tony comes to know about the man who is a son of Adrian and Veronica’s mother mean a half brother of Veronica.

Suicide


Suicide is Latin , suicidium, from sui caedere ' to kill oneself'. Is the act of a human being intentionally causing his or her own death.

Camus :-
   
  “ There is only one really serious philosophical problem and that is suicide”.


   The philosophical suicide 

      If we see the real life situation we can find so many example who ended their life to committed suicide. In some religion suicide consider as a sin.
   This novel give a philosophical meaning behind the suicide. This things have related with life and death. Which is shown the reference of Eros and Thanatos. Eros is considered as love and Thanatos is death. All have fear of death but the reality is nobody can runs from the death.

                 In this novel two characters are committed suicide. In the Frist past of the novel Tony and his friends in school that time Robson committed suicide. And the other character is Adrian Finn.

Robson's suicide

        The Frist part of the novel narrator talk about the Frist suicide in the novel was committed by Robson. That time Tony and his friends studies in school. Robson is the students of science sixth. This is a past of the Tony Webster. Who tale the story. Robson was a boy of the corner who have not  good relationship with other students in the classroom. The reason of He committed suicide because he has done sex with his girlfriend and make her pregnant. This thing make his ashamed and he ends his life. After his suicide entire class have done talk on the main reason of his suicide.

    All students have talked about his girlfriend. They interested in Robson’s girlfriend rather than his suicide. Robson have a girlfriend that is shocking things for his classmates rather than his suicide. That how Robson has a girlfriend and they have not.

    Through this incidents we see how Robson not able to face that situation. Here the suicide of Robson present the idea about how people have done wrong thing without thinking a result and future. And after they have no chance to escape from it. And by the end they committed suicide. Robson can not tolerate the thing which he has done with his girlfriend and committed suicide which shows that he ran away from reality.


Adrian suicide :

      Adrian is a friend of Tony, Colin and Alex. He is facilitated by History and philosophy. He is intellectual and self assured member of their group. He is a thinking man. Adrian came from a dysfunctional family his mother left his father. Adrian is a rational rather than emotional. He preferred reading Camus and Nietzsche.
 He is obsessed with existentialist questions of what makes a life worth living. Because of his intelligence he earned the scholarship of Cambridge university and build relationship with Veronica. Later on he end his life. Everyone is in shock because no one has expected this From Adrian. His body was found behind locked door. Adrian repeated the history of Robson suicide.

“I Don’t envy Adrian his death, but I envy him the clarity of his life”
      Above line was spoken by Tony Webster in the novel for Adrian. His leave note address to corner saying that it is a thinking person's philosophical duty to examine the nature of his life and may then choose to renounce it. His reading  habits help to live life. The reason of Adrian suicide is unclear till the end of the novel. His death leads Tony to his past and once again meet Veronica. That puzzle not solved by Tony. Tony was not able to solve the mystery of his past. At that time so many questions behind Adrian's suicide. Which was unanswered till the end of the novel.
     Adrian made relationship with Tony's ex- girlfriend Veronica. Adrian's dairy was with Sarah ford. She is a Veronica's mother whish she sent to Tony. Adrian suicide is a shocked for his friends. Because he had more knowledge about philosophy and history. But his  perspective about suicide is deferent then other. He believes that we have no right to born but we have right to end up our life’s.

 “The more you learn, the less you fear. ‘Learn’ not in the sense of academic study, but in the practical understanding of life.”


       The reason of Adrian suicide might be the guilt of getting Sarah pregnant. If so then he is running away from his responsibilities. If happen like this in Adrian case so then there is no difference between Robson and Adrian. This a waste. At the end the verdict of coroners inquest says that he killed himself while the balance of his mind was disturbed.

    What if it not so? 
So how it is impressive?

    So in the novel according to Sarah ford she told Adrian was happy in his last days. He thinks a lot about that before committing suicide. He planned his death in such a very perfect way that can not be failed. He can’t take any chances to fail that. He was unique personality and also unique in committing suicide.

Literature Example

There are so many literature works in which the concept of suicide present by the writer. The example of Things fall apart – Okonkwo, The swamp dwellers – Igwazu , Dr. Jakeyl and Mr. Hyde and Fakeer of jungira  - Nuleeni.
      There are so many writers also committed suicide by one and another reason. Like Virginia Woolf,  Hemingway. We can say that different reasons of suicide in literature and also in society , real life incident. Some of have frustration in life, some of them have get failure. Some ideas of suicide is more controversial and symbolic.

      In English literature many writers including the suicide theme in his and her works. Shakespeare present ideas in  Hamlet by the main character Ophelia committed suicide. The other example is Romeo and Juliet for a love both committed suicide.


Virginia Woolf
      Virginia Woolf was abused in her childhood and there were so many other reasons of her suicide. She left her home and left one note also to her sister and  to her husband. In the note she mentioned that she was going to kill herself. She had not mentioned about how and where but she left the note to two people.  She had committed suicide with drown herself in river. After that , so many news came about this and people have desire to know about the actual reason of her suicide. On websites or other sources the suicide note of Virginia Woolf is available.
        In so many movies  shown the suicide theme like jai ho movie one girl committed suicide for her exam day her brother not reach a time. And in jolly LLB 2 the case about Iqbal qasim's death. It is a not a death but a murder. Iqbal's wife Hina committed suicide for falling to get justice for her husband. There are so many reasons behind that suicide in society. Misty farmers suicide behind reason is economical problem. And the case of students fear for less marks and results. They have a fear about how their parents react.  Rohith vemula  was a Indian PhD scholar at University of Hyderabad. In  2015 university stopped paying fellowship. With his friends raising issue under the banner Ambedkar students association. They have no proof but give punishment to not appear exam. The 7 moths scholarship was stopped. And he fight against the power. He have wish to become a writer and at the end he write only his suicide notes.

      Bhishma & Adrian :-
   
        Bhashma is very well known character in the MAHABHARTA. He have a boon to end of his life whenever he wants. Mostly people choose easy way to end their life. They show the lake of courage. But Bhashma and Adrian different then others. Both choose different and difficult path for ending their life. Everyone can’t do that. They believe in ' I should have the right to end of my life'.

Conclusion :
         So by the most important theme of suicide, the novel get turn. Robson’s and Adrian suicide not any strong reference about reason of suicide in novel. By the theme of suicide Julian Barnes present the reality of society that how situation become strong on person and force them to die. End of the novel it seems Adrian may have done so  far more concrete reason. We don’t know what really happened in a mind of Adrian but we can certainly tell that 'Something happened' and the way it has happened without any doubt his suicide it was impressive.

‘ Suicide is a final art to canvas of life'
Death with a time is a maturity of life.

Work cited :

Baena, victoria. 15 jun 2018. 7 march 2020 <https://www.litcharts.com/lit/the-sense-of-an-ending/summary>.

Barnes, Julian. "The Sense of an Ending." Jonarthan Cape , Knopf, 2011. 163.

Jadeja, Poojaba. 23 february 2015. Poojaba Jadeja. 7 march 2020 <https://youtu.be/FqmVqvXGMmw>.

Assignment : mass communication and media studies

Mass media Advertisement portrayal of women

Name : Urvashi N. Chauhan
Semester : 4
Roll no : 29
Paper : Mass communication and  media studies
Email id : urvashichauhan157@gmail.com
Submitted to : Department of English MKBU


Definition

“Advertising is any form of paid non-personal presentation of ideas, goods or services  for the purpose
of inducting people to buy.” – Wheeler
Advertising is a paid form of non-personal presentation of ideas, goods or services by an identified sponsor.”
- Richard Buskirk

History of advertise in India
   Anthropologist William  Mazzarella divides advertising in post-independence India into four key phases.
The first of these began after Indian independence from Great Britain (1947) and lasted until the early 1960s.
Indian advertising in this period still operated as an outpost of the British Empire. The second phase (early 1960s to 1980s) emerged in large part as a reaction to the first and stressed creativity and an Indian professional identity independent of Great Britain. A third phase (1980s) turned away from creative and innovative advertising and toward creating efficient marketing channels that would have a wide impact throughout the country.

What is Advertisement?

     The term, 'advertising' has been derived from the Latin word Adverted which means to drive the attention
towards something. Advertisement is a form of communication used to encourage or persuade an audience to continue and take some new action. Most commonly the desired results is to drive consumer behaviour with respect to a commercial offers get people to buy things.
      In a simple word Advertisement means a massages. Advertising In simplest form is the way in which the vendor or manufacturers of a product communication with consumer via different mediums of media.
        Advertising involves the preparation of written or oral messages and their dissemination through paid media without personal contacts for their purpose of making people aware of and inclined towards the use of a particular product of that firm or company.

Principle of Ads
- Attract attention, Create interest, Promote action, Develop desire

Type of Advertising

Media Advertising (television),Outdoor advertising, Print advertising, Internet advertising, Cinema advertising, Brand advertising ,Festival Advertising, Informative ads.
The role of Advertising is marketing, communication, economic and social.
       In advertisement the woman shown in ads are too often ' only housewives' stupid or depending upon men. And decorative or sex object , not involved in major decisions. That all things are found in old time but nowadays that picture are so different then early period. Situation are changing with passing a time woman played so many role in mass media. If we see old time mostly woman played role in a more traditional role. The problems of female role portrayed in advertisement has many dimensions. Or the which things are work behind the advertisement like Advertiser, Advertising agency, Media, vendors and last and most important target of Audience.

Woman in mass media
      information revolution, in its truest technical terms in India, is the latest phenomenon. During the phases of economic liberalization in last one and half decade, the overall scenario of media in India has changed tremendously. The depiction of Women in Indian media, be it films, television serials, news, media, visual advertisement, or modernized traditional media, is indeed an area of great concern for people having interest in social issues.

Portrayal of woman in Advertisement

     In resent time Indian Advertisement has witnessed a significant transformation in the manner in how woman are portrayed. We can see that the way of women are describe in Advertisement were changing with times. And we also see reflation and transformation took place in society. Advertising is one of the important media that affect in daily life. The conscious and unconscious way we are responsible to play Significant role in society in a broader perspective. We are notice that today woman are not longer considered behind kitchen walls in society and also in ads and society also think differently.

Which type of advertisement woman played most ?

      There are so many ads coming up in different fields about different things such as cosmetic things, based on education or shopping, children related of fashion and sports. Some electronic based ads are mostly perform by woman. We find gender differences in to performing Advertisement.
           Nowadays Advertisement paly vital role to show what is mentality of our society. Society reflect through the mass media. We show the Advertisement and poster of the any ads like education purpose so many posters are there mostly in a holding or banner put in girl photo or any fitness or oil ads mainly performed by female figure because people are more attractive to the female rather then male. In our society people think about a perfect woman definition very slim so mainly for that ads advertiser higher a female figure. For a man all are fair but for woman some strategies are required.
       The grocery Advertisement or biased on the festival shopping woman are so excited for shopping. Maybe that why mostly leads Role playing by woman. Like a jewellery ads wedding cloth Girls are more conscious then boys so female are choosing for that ads.
      In a parent time things are changing sports ads also performed by woman. That type of ads give a awareness in society people are accepted and see a woman with positive things. But some place that are not found like a driving bike and car still we are not find the woman played a lead role in that type of ads. Because people believe that woman are not good in the drive and that role play by man. In Some advertisement people portrayed woman “ Beauty with brain”. But that type of Advertise is a rarely found. Woman showing as a beauty conscious. Not show with only her talent.
         Nowadays woman are capable to doing anything as compare to man. Both have equal rights in some point. IN a banking field also used a woman picture in card with a shopping woman wearing a traditional dress. Costume are also played very important role for Advertisement. In a soap ad mostly used a bright colours and young woman. In older time woman make ad on washing powder like Nirma. And now mobile , laptop, education, milk , sports, life insurance, cosmetic products, shopping, fashion, freezer and sweets all ads mostly perform by woman. People easily attract to them. In news channel are also require female characters. She have good communication skills to talked with customers and Audience.

Stereotypes

          There are so many Advertisement we see woman played mostly kitchen related add. In that role we can not find by play by men so that type of Advertise based on gender biased. Nowadays time is changing and woman also played office work in Advertise but in ad she goes home at that time advertiser give role to do kitchen work and make lunch. If husband wife both do job in same place then she has do work in both places her husband not do anything at home so we can say that it is a stereotype of woman portrayed. She has to compulsory to do House work for make family even she doesn’t like. People mostly like to see woman in kitchen and household works. Advertising shows man as a superior and woman as inferior. The results show that stereotyping is prevalent in advertising. Stereotyping occurs mainly related to gender’s occupational status, meaning gender equality in advertising is least likely in an area that is the primary concern of gender-relate politics. that advertisements show social stereotypes, which, in turn, reinforce stereotypical values and behaviour in society. Each gender stereotyping component can lead to negative consequences that restrict life opportunities, particularly for women.

Advertising and gender

       Gender has an important role to play in modern Advertising . It describes not only the socially constructed disparity between men and women, but also the stereotypes of masculinity and femininity. Since ages men have been regarded as the financial providers of the family; whereas women as the loving wives and caring mothers happily doing household chores; but now these roles are quite modified. Both Feminist movement and Women liberation movement have also played a major role for redefining the long-established gender roles, especially changing the role and status of women in the society.
      Now number of women are financially independent. Generally the main attention of the advertisements is on men: their concern, their actions, their accomplishment, their woes, where the significance of the women are marginalized. Thus woman with intellect, self-assurance, independently and productively undertaking the responsibilities and contributing efficiently in society was rarely seen in advertisements. Rather the body and body parts of the women are depicted excessively and unnecessarily in advertisements.
        women were mostly shown as sex objects, physically beautiful and subordinate to men, in advertising. They were most often portrayed in home settings and for household products . After the industrialization as women started to work in increasing number, the gender role portrayals in advertisements have changed according to the changing roles of women in society. The image of the ideal woman began to be transformed. Women in advertisements became central characters and were portrayed as working outside the home, in non-traditional, progressive occupation. There is a shift in the portrayal of woman in advertisements from a mere house wife to a career oriented and professional with independent identity and multiple identities, who is a super woman successful in balancing her personal and professional life. In the patriarchal society people naturally prefer woman as a mother, sister and wife.
What is reason behind it?
         In the advertisement field advertiser higher a young woman. Because audience like to see a young woman and easily attract to that product so that young woman are required in many ads in a different types of Advertising.
        If we shows a makeup biased advertise in that we can say that only woman perform in fairness cream add. Some add like a woman used fairness cream and she got a job because of her skin colour not a biased on her talent. So people like to see woman as a very perfect manner if a men go to office no required any makeup but people like to see woman with a full day makeup required. So it is a gender differences in Advertisement.
         The ‘Fair & Lovely’ brand was launched in the Indian market in the year 1975. The very nomenclature of the brand has been indicative of its USP –fair skin and women as its target audience. With the evolution of television advertising the brand’s campaign has also evolved simultaneously. What has however been permanent is the advertising narrative - the key narrative agents and the set of values they hold.
   In  Advertisement represent by protagonist as a homemaker who gets praise from her friends and relatives and she says after a regular use of fair and lovely which improves her skin tone. The narrative of each of the discussed ads identifies following
common narrative agents -
- The female protagonist, Her abilities and potential. Her rejection is Dark skin as the reason for rejection. The immediate success after the use of the product enhances skin tone and gives fair skin.
     The narrative agent or the value they held not change at all ideology level. That Advertisement build a discourse on female objection because someone is evaluated always how she looks. Dark skin as the courses of professional rejection is also repeated in all narratives. While on the one hand it constructs a very racist discourse, on the other hand it marginalizes the dark woman further more in the broader framework of women as the marginalized gender.
Conclusion
         So the media continue to reproduce stereotype image of woman. Nowadays we see some difference in advertisement but it very less. Men are portrayal as a intelligent then woman not much require their appearance. Advertisement displayed woman as passive, secondary and unimportant role. They give a space for woman but give more important based on her appearance rather than knowledge. Audience always like to see woman with fair skin makeup. That type of woman are perfect for ads. So still people are not judge woman with her talent but with beauty. Also t shows the power of male dominate society. It reflects the image of women in our society.

Works Cited

Eisend, Martin. "A Meta- Analysis of Gender Roles in Advertising." ResearchGate (2009): 59.
Madhusmita, Das. "Portrayal of women in Indian Televison Advertisements." (2016): 376.
Mishra, DR. Deepanjali. "Portrayal of Woman in Media ." Higher Education and Reserch Society 3.2
(2015). Ruchi, Jaggi. "Women in India T.V.Advertising: The Discourse in the fair and lovely ad Campaign."
ResearchGate 8.2 (2013): 10.

About me

Hello Friends,


     I am Urvashi chauhan. I have completed my Bachelor in English Literature from Nandkvarba Mahila Collage, MK Bhavnagar University, Gujarat. I am doing my Masters in English Literature from Department of English Maharaja Krishnkumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Gujarat.

     I am a life long learners and Students of Literate. I like to read literature and traveling.

What is literature ?

What is literature ?

     This is my understanding about literature before my masters. But Now my perspective about literature is changed. Now I am going to express my view about literature.
   
      Back then during my B.A I have a no clear answer about what is literature in a real sense. As we see this image I wrote ' literature is a mirror of society'. This is my understanding at that time I take admission in M.A. at that time I don’t know the deeper meaning of literature. Now I am able to answer it.

      Literature is all about love, sex, morality, death, friendship, happiness and also owl and Poe’s ghost. Literature is a broken mirror. It means literature give more than one perspective to looking the thing. We can defining with various ways.  Literature give a so many spectacle to look any person, anything, or any situation.

• Metaphor :- Rainbow

   The Idea of literature is mirror of society it’s not a perfect metaphor. Because mirror only show your front side. Mirror shows society only out side perspective. But literature also understand person's mind in a very deep way. Literature is telescope that capture far away reality.

    Literature show the light into the darkness and darkness into the light. Literature work in our mind as lighthouse useful in Ocean.   Literature show the hidden  things in a unique way to understand person and society. Literature is also write future in advance.

Literature is like a rainbow there are so many colours mixing and making one art. Literature is all about all emotions happy, sad, angry,axity, fear, peace that all emotions are mixing together. First is  rain washed the dust  and make a clear sky. The same way literature do with our mind all our earlier perspective removed it and that give a light in our mind. 

  Literature is not just a story and language but think beyond it. Literature is work like thermometer. It checked the disease of society. It learn how to read pensive memory.

     If we see a theory of Rasa. All Rasa have their own importance , efficiency and beauty.  In the same way  literature is like a rainbow Rasa theory is also important part of literature. All colours are mix together good or  evil and made one portrayed. It is a sequence. It’s very near to our real life. Our life is full of colourful experience.

     Wordsworth's  nature poem, Shakespeare’s tragedy, john Milton’s paradise lost, Edger Alan Poe’s ghost stories, j. K Rowling’s magical world, Samuel Beckett's waiting for Godot, Herold Pinter's birthday party, Julian Barnes sense of an Ending put a various colours in literature. Just like a rainbow colours. Rainbow is a make beauty of sky as well as that all writers various writing skill is make a literature colorful.
     
     


Thank you...☺️

How literature shaped me ?

How literature shaped me?

    I started reading literature in my school days. That time I was in 11th stand. When I am completed my B.A at that time I have no idea about literature. I am not able to write few words about literature but now I can write it.

  Literature make me rational. Literature make me able to think  differently than others. Now have my own view. Now I am not follow blindly anything. Our behaviour change person to person and every situation. Literature shaped me like Amoeba. Make myself able with face every situation.


    Literature make me confidential person.Literature open a one window for me to looking things in a different angle. its make me free to sheeple mind set. Now I can understand very well that each coin have two sides. Person to person definition of truth is changing. Now I am capable to see deference between truth and post- truth.

   

      I create more interest in Literature.  Wordsworth's poem, Shakespeare’s tragedy, john Milton’s paradise lost, Edger Alan Poe’s short stories, j. K Rowling’s magical world, Samuel Beckett's waiting for Godot, Herold Pinter's birthday party, Julian Barnes sense of an Ending put a various colours in literature. I am inspired by Virginia Woolf and her struggle, Mary Shelley, J.k Rowling's character Herminie.

  My perspective is totally changed about life, death, society, religion. I can realise that literature write a future things in advance. Literature learn how to observe things and what time used that knowledge. Literature develop my understanding of people and person. Now I understand that not showing things is more important rather than showing things.

   Harry potter teach me a self help concept. Through this work I learn that solving problems own self. Harry potter understanding about choice and chance

‘Life is a about Choice and chance ,
You make a choice and take a chance.'

     That concept reflect through Voldemort and Harry’s character. Our choice of path decide future. Santiago’s journey make me stronger and create a hope. If you achieve success then your struggles story might be interested for society. Otherwise not value it.
      Through the literature my critical thinking skill is developed. Now I can see Ram and Ravan as common man not anyone is only with evil and good things. Both are right in there place. Literature  shaped me as always give space to understand person not judge them that point I learn through Othello's character. Our life's remote control only put in our hand not give anyone else.

      I meet so many characters from last 5 years of my literature journey. That journey give me understanding of life. Literature shaped me Tony to Adrian understanding. I learn existentialism and nothingness is also itself something through waiting for Godot. That all character developing my understanding.

    At the end I would like to say thank you Dr. Dilip Barad Sir for introduce me new world of literature. Give a spectacle for see things and Think critically. You are a Bridge for me to reach the understanding a literature in real sense and how to apply in life.

   
   Thank you...